Gynecology Update Articles

Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS), encompassing third- and fourth-degree perineal lacerations, remain a significant concern in vaginal deliveries, particular..

Curettage has been widely performed for removing retained products of conception. However, hysteroscopic removal is used as an alternative because of the potentially..

A recent study that examined the relationship between stillbirth and various perinatal outcomes in subsequent pregnancy by conducting a systematic review and meta-an..

A 25-year-old young woman presented with a sudden onset of loss of consciousness and was drowsy and arousal but slept again quickly. She was highly disoriented while..

A new study aimed to investigate how women with Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome perceive their experiences with dilation or surgical vaginal lengtheni..

The goal of a study was to systematically review the objective and subjective success rates and surgical outcomes of suburethral sling surgeries for females with str..

Prenatal invasive tests, such as chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis, are frequently performed on women at high risk for having a child with aneuploidy..

An accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) is a rare Müllerian anomaly characterized by an extra cavity in the uterus alongside a normal uterine cavity. This conditi..

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) remains a serious issue affecting up to 26.6% of women globally. Pelvic pain symptoms include dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, non-cyclical pelvi..

A recent study proposed an appropriate management strategy for managing pregnant women with complicated type B aortic dissection in the second or third trimesters by..

Concomitant use of efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy and a standard-dose etonogestrel contraceptive implant causes 82% lower etonogestrel exposure than women wh..

A report describes a case of a 28-year-old female who complained of acute urinary retention and a history of severe cyclical dysmenorrhoea along with dull, aching lo..

A new study examined pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), including urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence (FI), and prolapse, in women 20+ years after childbirth,..

The superovulation phase heavily influences the success and cost-effectiveness of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Previous studies have shown that using the ..

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including preeclampsia, are linked to an increased risk of maternal cardiovascular disease, stroke, and chronic kidney dis..

A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman presented to a tertiary care center with a two-year history of a mass protruding per vaginum. The lady had been menopausal for the..

Anemia during pregnancy is a prevalent health issue influenced by various factors, posing a significant public health challenge in India. Globally, approximately 2.3..

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant global health issue and is particularly concerning for pregnant women as it can lead to complications for both the moth..

The endometrium is a dynamic organ in the female reproductive years, influenced by hormonal changes during each menstrual cycle. The aim of a recent study was to cor..

A 24-year-old nulligravida woman presented with dyspareunia. She had a history of primary amenorrhea and had been married for 5 months. She was 163 cm tall..

Infertility is a significant modern health problem, and with the rise of obesity, its impact on fertility cannot be overlooked. Obesity is associated with various ch..

A recent study evaluated the clinical importance of employing real-time three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound along with a combined magnetic and electrical repa..

The recent study assessed the impact of laser-assisted hair removal (LAHR) on the quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-associated hirsutism..

A report describes the case of a 48-year-old P4L4 woman who complained of chronic lower abdominal pain and frequent heavy menses for two months. She documented no si..

The timing of pregnancy following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and its implications remain debated in literature.A recent study assessed midterm weight lo..

The goal of a recent study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combining warm acupuncture with Kegel exercises in treating postpartum pelvic floor dysfunct..

Current gestational weight gain recommendations for women with obesity may be too high, and guidelines might need to vary based on the severity of obesity. A recent ..

A 49-year-old parous postmenopausal woman presented with increasing hair growth on her chin and neck two years after menopause. She was under treatment for hype..

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are frequent complications that significantly impact maternal and neonatal health globally. Long-term cohort studies have s..

Hirsutism – a major concern for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is associated with psychological distress. Hence, effective management of this condition..

A recent study compared three conservative treatment options for postpartum urinary incontinence (UI) – standard care, pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), and vagin..

A 24-year-old nulligravida married woman presented with dyspareunia and a history of primary amenorrhea.The lady had been married for 5 months. She was 163 cm tall a..

A new study aimed to evaluate the characteristics, efficacy, and safety of zuranolone in managing postpartum depression (PPD).This study entailed literature searches..

The cumulative effect of postpartum weight retention from each pregnancy can contribute to a woman’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular dise..

A 39-year-old primigravida was admitted at 31 weeks gestation for suspected preterm labor. The lady had a history of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and autonomic..

Pelvic floor disorders (PFD) affect approximately 40% of women after childbirth, yet little is known about the intervention and care needs for those with postpartum ..

Lifestyle factors such as – sleep, sedentary behavior, physical activity (PA), or exercise, and diet can influence the risk of postpartum depression (PPD) or serve a..

Hirsutism is a prevalent endocrine disorder with causes ranging from benign and idiopathic conditions to serious malignant diseases. It negatively impacts the qualit..

A 28-year-old woman, G2P1L1, with a BMI of 32 and a homemaker, presented with no significant surgical history or history of teratogenic drug intake. She had a family..

The age at menarche serves as a crucial biological marker for women and is also viewed as an indicator of a population's quality of life. Understanding the age at me..

Despite the existing literature on dydrogesterone, there is a significant gap in studies focusing on its utilization patterns among Indian patients.This multicenter,..

A new study compared the cesarean section (CS) rate after elective induction of labor versus expectant management in low-risk nulliparous women – at 39 weeks gestati..

A 12-year-old girl complained of lower abdominal and right iliac fossa pain, accompanied by vomiting. She had no fever, chills, urinary symptoms, or diarrhea. H..

A recent study aimed to evaluate the impact of treating subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) on short-term pregnancy outcomes.This retrospective cohort study analyzed da..

Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, are common benign gynecological tumors that affect many women during their reproductive years. Although surgical removal has traditi..

The relationship between age at menarche (AAM) and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear. The aim of a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysi..

The patient, a 74-year-old G4P4 female, reported new-onset postmenopausal vaginal bleeding characterized by the passage of multiple small clots and sudden vaginal pr..

Late onset of menarche and early menopause elevate the likelihood of depression. Additionally, the use of oral contraceptives and menopausal hormone therapy height..

Induction of labor (IOL) is a common in obstetrics; often, labor needs augmentation and active management during the second stage. However, methods for labor and i..

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common yet often overlooked issue in women, profoundly affecting their psychosocial well-being. Current estimates seem to underestim..

A 25-year-old woman who was 31 weeks into her first pregnancy, was hospitalized following a hypertensive episode during a dental procedure. She had been reportedly..

Menarche is a significant event in a woman's life as the time of its onset can influence the development of future pathologies. A review of current literature aimed ..

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in term pregnancies without subsequent uterine contractions presents significant risks for boththe mother and fetus, and later ..

Vaginismus – a complex condition, is characterized by heightened muscle tension, pain, anxiety, and fear––primarily due to psychosocial factors––making vaginal penet..

A 31-year-old postpartum womanwas hospitalized eight days after delivery due to worsening abdominal pain. She had no history of vascular disease or significant medic..

The relationship between age at menarche (AAM) and blood pressure (BP) has primarily been explored in studies fromdeveloped nations. The aim of a study was to system..

A new study aimed to determine whether planned cesarean delivery (C-section) in women at over 37 weeks gestation with severe preeclampsia reduces maternal and/or per..

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent hormonal disorder affecting 5-10% of women globally, marked by irregular menstrual cycles and ovarian cysts. An early..

A 41-year-old woman – gravida 6 para 6, was admitted with recurrent LUTS for seven months, including – frequent urination, urgency, and gross hematuria. The lad..

Adolescence is marked by significant physical and psychological changes. Early menarche, occurring before the age of 11 years, is a notable health concern that remai..

Gastrointestinal and bowel movement problems are common after abdominal surgeries. As coffee promotes bowel movements and given the high rate of cesarean sections (C..

Uteroplacental insufficiency – characterized by inadequate blood flow to the placenta during pregnancy, necessitates an understanding of its underlying placental pat..

A 28-year-old woman, para 3, was referred to a tertiary care hospital with severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and severe anemia following a ventouse-assisted vaginal..

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI)/Premature ovarian failure (POF)/Early menopause/Premature menopause refers to the termination of ovarian function in women less..

12.5% to 69% of women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have pre-invasive lesions (PIL) of the cervix. Although the Papanicolaou (PAP) test is the recommended ..

Gynecologists frequently perform hysterectomies globally. Women after hysterectomy often complain of Low back pain, hip and knee osteoarthritis, weight changes, fati..

A report describes the case of an 18-year-old, unmarried adolescent who presented with complaints of intense itching sensation in the vulval region for the past five..

Adolescence is a critical time in human development, associated with various psychological, social, and physiological challenges. Recent studies highlight the prev..

Post-cesarean section analgesic plan aims for effective pain relief with minimal side effects, no risk of transfer via breast milk, and a rapid return to normal ma..

Vaginal candidiasis is a common vaginal fungal infection. It is mainly caused by Candida albicans, which produce the symptoms and signs of vaginal candidiasis. The..

A report describes a case of a 26-year-old female, primigravida, at 32 weeks of gestation, who presented with a complaint of difficulty in walking and getting out of..

There has been evidence of an increased risk of obstetric outcomes and complications in pregnancies conceived by in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in comparison to spon..

Women diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy (EP) have to take methotrexate and are often concerned with its side effects. The present study evaluated the potential effect..

Congenital anomalies of newborns can cause significant psychological, social, and financial burdens on the family and society. Hence, screening techniques for the ea..

A report describes a case of a 35-year-old primigravid who presented at 38 weeks of gestation with gestational hypertension, thrombocytopenia, and large subserosal f..

Symptomatic vaginal masses pose a diagnostic challenge due to their diverse clinical presentations and outcomes. These variations carry significant implications for ..

Maternal use of Valproate during pregnancy may increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children. There is a lack of data on the risk of autism spectrum ..

A recent study explored the risk factors for tubal rupture in tubal pregnancy, followed by the construction and validation of a prediction model for tubal rupture.Th..

A report describes a case of a 24-year-old primigravida who presented at 34+1 weeks' gestation with abdominal pain of 24 hours. She also reported feeling less fetal ..

The body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy and gestational weight gain (GWG) may determine the pregnancy outcome. Preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and macrosomi..

Tubal patency has an important role in female infertility, with tubal damage accounting for a significant portion of cases, restricting gamete and embryo transfer..

Arterial stiffening may worsen insulin resistance, demanding pharmacological treatment of gestational diabetes (GDM). A recent observational study investigated cau..

A report describes a case of a 24-year-old nulligravid woman who presented with a three-month history of persistent lower abdominal pain. Clinical examination sho..

Regular menstruation is a fundamental indicator of women's reproductive health and quality of life. However, menstrual disorders affect many women, which is due t..

Cervical region massage involves applying light pressure to the cervix to trigger uterine contractions. Membrane sweeping, aka cervical sweeping or membrane stripp..

A recent study examined the efficacy and safety of colloidal nanosilver gel, when combined with 0.2% lactic acid, in treating bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candi..

A report describes a case of a 41-year-old woman with a history of three cesarean sections and two miscarriages who presented at 25 weeks of gestation and was adm..

अस्थमा सांस से जुड़ी एक ऐसी बीमारी है जो आपके फेफड़ों को प्रभावित करती है, इसे ब्रोन्कियल अस्थमा (bronchial asthma) भी कहा जाता है, वहीं आम भाषा में दमा या सांस की..

Congenital uterine anomalies stem from irregular development of the Mullerian ducts, potentially leading to adverse reproductive consequences such as recurrent mis..

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a prevalent condition among women of reproductive age––affecting approximately 10-30% of this demographic. It imposes significan..

A study evaluated the effectiveness of robotics in gynecological surgeries––encompassing both benign and malignant cases.This retrospective observational study was ..

A 31-year-old woman was hospitalized due to an excruciating abdominal pain eight days after a vaginal delivery. The lady had no history of vascular issues or releva..

Anemia during pregnancy is a significant health concern globally, which risks not only to maternal health but also to the infant. Despite considerable efforts to add..

A recent study that contrasted sclerotherapy and laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy regarding the recurrence rates of ovarian endometrioma, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, a..

Women with low ovarian reserve who opt for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment need to choose between natural and mildly stimulated cycles. However, the superiori..

A recent report describes a case of a 28-year-old female, gravida 2, para 1, who presented at seven-week gestation for routine antenatal care.The patient reported no..

Obstetric emergencies pose a significant threat to maternal health globally, with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), hypertensive disorders, and pregnancy-related infec..

Breastfeeding is universally recognized as the optimal method of infant nutrition. However, women who have undergone cesarean deliveries may face challenges with m..

A tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) presents a challenging clinical scenario, with treatment options ranging from medical therapy with antibiotics to surgical drainage. ..

A report describes a case of a 12-year-old girl presented with lower abdominal and right iliac fossa pain associated with vomiting but without fever, chill, urina..

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is often reported among women of reproductive age. It features menstrual abnormalities, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries, which m..

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a potentially fatal condition, occurs secondary to an underlying disorder, with abruption being the most common cause i..

Preeclampsia (PE) and various hypertensive disorders complicate approximately 10% of pregnancies globally and pose a significant risk to maternal health. PE is parti..

A report describes a case of a 60-year-old para 7 woman who presented with abdominal distension and discomfort for two months and anorexia and nausea for three month..

COVID-19 vaccines are deemed safe during pregnancy. Since neonates can suffer severe illness, maternal vaccination is vital for potentially safeguarding them.This ..

The goal of a study was to evaluate the efficacy of magnesium sulfate as a neuroprotective measure during early preterm labor (28 to 32 weeks) and to assess any a..

Many women experience disruptions in their menstrual cycles at different stages of life. The occurrence of such irregularities is influenced by two primary factors..

A 17-year-old unmarried female presented to the gynecology department with complaints of persistent lower abdominal pain and distension lasting for 25 days.On ex..

The objective of a recent study was to assess the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and analyze its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes in pregna..

Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are associated with elevated maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The etiology of pregnancy-induced hypertension..

Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) – a condition that occurs in the latter half of pregnancy, is characterized by pruritus and abnormal liver function tes..

A 28-year-old second-gravida, with a history of a previous miscarriage, was admitted at 37.3 weeks of gestation due to severe abdominal pain. The pain was acute an..

A new study aimed to explore patients' awareness and perceptions of robot-assisted surgery (RAS) in the Obstetrics and Gynecology outpatient department – to enhance ..

The objective of a study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of norepinephrine (NE) and phenylephrine (PE) infusions in preventing post-spinal hypotension ..

New onset seizures in pregnancy and postpartum are often deemed as eclampsia. Nevertheless, other causes cannot be neglected, and prompt diagnosis and specific mea..

A 27-year-old nulliparous woman experienced sudden, colicky lower abdominal pain lasting for 30 minutes. Her pain radiated to the back and was accompanied by four ..

A new study aimed to determine the prevalence of maternal near miss (MNM) and maternal death in women with eclampsia – using the World Health Organization (WHO) crit..

The goal of a study was to compare the analgesic effectiveness of intrathecal fentanyl and intrathecal buprenorphine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in cesarean sections..

A new study evaluated the efficacy of double-balloon cervical ripening catheter insertion for terminating cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) before nine weeks of gestatio..

A 38-year-old primigravida presented to the emergency department with a four-day history of fever, generalized rash, and pruritus. The lady was diagnosed with a urin..

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are significant global health concerns, particularly affecting perinatal metabolism and endo..

A randomized, controlled, comparative study conducted from 2022-2023 at Gandhi Hospital evaluated the efficacy of oral dydrogesterone versus oral sustained-release m..

Preterm labor is a major contributor to perinatal morbidity and mortality globally, with preterm birth responsible for 75% of neonatal deaths and 50% of long-term mo..

A 35-year-old woman presented with gradually worsening abdominal pain over the past 15 days. The pain was accompanied by two episodes of vomiting and vaginal bleedin..

Applying gentle pressure to the cervix during cervical massage stimulates uterine contractions. Membrane sweeping, also referred to as cervical sweeping or membrane ..

Obstetric hemorrhage stands as the primary contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity globally. The goal of aprospective observational study was to investigate ..

A new study evaluated the effectiveness of extended first-trimester screening (EFTS) in the early detection and management of preeclampsia.This study enrolled a coho..

A 49-year-old woman of moderate build and normal body mass index (BMI) presented with heavy menstrual bleeding with blood clots for the past two months––and required..

Screening for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common practice in many hospitals, particularly for high-risk patients. However, its occurre..

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is characterized by irregularities in menstrual cycles, encompassing variations in frequency, duration, or volume of bleeding durin..

Improper development of the Mullerian ducts causes congenital uterine anomalies, which are linked to adverse reproductive outcomes such as – recurrent miscarriage,..

Abdominal pain is a commonly reported issue during pregnancy and has a wide range of potential causes – one of which is spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage (SAH). While..

There has been a significant rise in the rates of cesarean sections (C-sections) worldwide, whether it is medically necessary or elective, surpassing the recommend..

An observational study aimed to assess the impact of a combination of drugs on women experiencing menstrual irregularities due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)...

The timely identification of deviations in labor progress and the prevention of prolonged labor are crucial to improving pregnancy outcomes. The partograph serves ..

A hyper-estrogenic state characterizes pregnancy. The trigeminal system, abundant in estrogen receptors, becomes particularly susceptible to trigeminal neuralgia –..

Recent advancements in medical science have significantly contributed to the optimal care provided to women during their pregnancy journey. Rigorous monitoring, i..

Effective pain management during labor is a crucial aspect of quality obstetric care. Although the intense pain experienced during labor is not life-threatening, i..

A recent study aimed to investigate whether the antenatal assessment of cross-sectional area (CSA) of umbilical cord variables differs between pregnancies with pr..

An 11-year-old girl presented with a two-day history of intermittent left lower abdomen pain and dysuria, followed by non-projectile vomiting for one day. The ch..

A new study aimed to create a predictive model for postpartum readmission due to hypertension and pre-eclampsia at delivery discharge. The model's external validati..

Pregnancy progression beyond term increases the risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality. To mitigate the complications associated with post-term pregnancy, labo..

In several developed countries, menstrual cups are recognized as a feasible alternative to traditional menstrual hygiene products. However, the prevalent practice ..

A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized for labor induction at 40 weeks and 6 days gestation. She had a history of three prior uncomplicated vaginal deliveries. Follo..

A new study evaluated the effectiveness of structured workshops in enhancing the knowledge and skills of obstetrics and gynecology residents related to high-grade pe..

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – a common endocrinological disorder, affects women of reproductive age and heightens their risk for metabolic syndrome. While body ..

A study aimed to evaluate the practical effectiveness and safety of an FDA-cleared intrauterine vacuum-induced hemorrhage-control device for managing postpartum hemo..

Unintentional retention of broken suture needles is a rare event in obstetric procedures, particularly during pregnancy, and is rarely documented in literature. A 36..

A recent aimed to investigate whether women with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) face elevated risks of long-term mortality. This retrospective cohort study ..

A new study assessed whether the modified Berger-Allen exercises are efficacious in reducing lower limb swelling in late pregnancy.This randomized clinical trial ..

The goal of a new study was to identify accurate predictors of the spontaneous resolution of tubal ectopic pregnancy and to assess the feasibility of expectant ma..

A 27-year-old primigravida at 23 weeks of gestation was referred due to polyhydramnios in a spontaneously conceived MCMA (monochorionic monoamniotic) twin pregnan..

A new study evaluated the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) technology in attenuating pain and anxiety during hysteroscopy.This prospective, randomized contro..

Sheehan’s Syndrome (SS) is a significant but often underdiagnosed cause of hypopituitarism, particularly in developing countries. This syndrome is characterized by..

A recent study investigated maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with planned elective labor induction (eIOL) – between 39 weeks and 39 weeks and 6 days of ge..

A 31-year-old woman presented with a right lower quadrant abdominal pain. She had had an uncomplicated vaginal delivery a week prior. An ultrasound revealed fluid co..

A new study aimed to demonstrate that continuous wound infiltration (CWI) is not inferior to continuous intravenous fentanyl (IV) in providing pain relief, and also ..

A recent study aimed to assess the utility of spot urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR)––measured between 17 and 24 weeks of gestation––in predicting the subseque..

A recent study aimed to compare the outcomes of emergency and elective cervical cerclage in singleton and twin pregnancies – over five years at a tertiary care perin..

A 41-year-old woman presented with a spontaneous pregnancy. She had a history of three cesarean sections and two miscarriages.Previously, a gestational sac was obser..

In India, there is a significant prevalence of nutritional anemia caused by deficiencies in iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12. The National Anaemia Control Program..

Cardiotocography is widely used to assess fetal well-being during pregnancy and labor. Previous guidelines had focused on managing the most severe waveform, neglec..

Significant differences in serum-free androgen index (FAI) exist between individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and those without, and determining an appr..

A 36-year-old lady, P3L3A1, who had undergone three previous cesarean sections (LSCS) with retained placenta and experienced profuse vaginal bleeding––including a fe..

A recent study focused on the occurrence of endometrial cavity fluid in Assisted reproductive technique (ART) cases.This was a prospective randomized controlled tri..

Stillbirth is a tragic complication of pregnancy, causing emotional, social, and economic disruptions. Various factors, such as advanced maternal age, smoking, obe..

Preterm birth is a significant issue in developing countries, causing neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. In southern India, the prevalence of preterm del..

Fetal growth restriction (FGR), oligohydramnios, and preeclampsia are significant contributors to both neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality, occurring in 8-..

Obesity is a significant public health concern, resembling an epidemic due to its prevalence across various demographic groups without discrimination based on age,..

The Rotterdam criteria are widely used to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) plays an important part. The identifying fe..

A new study aimed to assess whether elective single embryo transfer is less effective in achieving pregnancy rates compared to double embryo transfer in patients w..

A 27-year-old pregnant woman presented with pain, swelling, and bleeding from her left foot and reduced fetal movement after enduring a snake bite. The lady w..

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent and complex condition affecting women of reproductive age, with far-reaching clinical and public health implications...

A recent research investigation examined the safety and practicality of administering a low-concentration carbohydrate solution to patients with gestational diabetes..

The presence of meconium in the intrauterine environment during childbirth can arise from factors such as fetal hypoxia or could simply indicate the natural maturati..

A report describes a case of a 28-year-old primigravida with 35 weeks of gestation who presented with severe nausea, vomiting, and considerable fatigue five days bef..

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are the hidden offenders that have entered our daily lives, silently altering our endocrine system and causing numerous adverse..

Handling the aftercoming head in obstetrics can be quite challenging, and its entrapment is often a daunting situation for obstetricians. To prevent such scenarios, ..

Infertility is a pervasive issue affecting women worldwide, leading to countless cases of reproductive challenges every year. This study sought to assess the efficac..

A report describes a case of a 38-year-old lady, para 2 live 2, sterilized, who complained of a painless mass descending per vaginum for seven years. She reported th..

A recent study aimed to investigate the connection between atherogenic dyslipidemia and preeclampsia development during pregnancy – which could subsequently increase..

The maternal mortality rate (MMR) is often used as an indicator of healthcare quality. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mor..

Prenatal screening using dual and quadruple marker testing is a cost-effective approach, but it has its limitations, potentially leading to false positives and neg..

Placenta accreta, an obstetric emergency associated with life-threatening risks, can also complicate abortions in the first and second trimesters – presenting as exc..

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a pervasive endocrine disorder affecting millions of women worldwide. It affects approximately 5% to 10% of women of reproductive..

Labor pain ranks among the most agonizing experiences for women. The use of pain relief measures during labor is crucial not only to alleviate maternal distress but ..

Recurrent pregnancy loss has a detrimental impact on the natural conception process, leading to adverse reproductive outcomes. While preimplantation genetic testing ..

A report describes a case of a previously healthy 30-year-old G4P3004 who presented to prenatal care at 31 weeks of gestation with a 4-week history of large crusted ..

Evidence suggests that conception through fertility treatments precipitates higher stress and anxiety levels compared to natural conception. Hence, women who undergo..

Cervical cancer is a significant public health concern, especially in developing countries, where approximately 80% of cases are diagnosed. Despite being a preventab..

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a prevalent endocrinopathy affecting 11.2% of reproductive-age women, is associated with metabolic and reproductive issues. In In..

A 39-year-old woman complained of severe umbilical pain and dysmenorrhea. The pain was initially limited to her menstrual periods but had later transgressed to a con..

Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is characterized by hormonal imbalances, metabolic irregularities, and reproductive concerns. However, growing age-related concerns..

A recent study compared the efficacy of oral Mifepristone with that of intracervical Foley catheterization for induction of labor in term pregnancy. It also compared..

Women with obesity face fertility issues and also have limited access to fertility treatments. A recent paper provides the following guidelines in this regard-BMI as..

A recent report describes a case of a 59-year-old, P1L1, Previous LSCS with a diadelphic uterus with longitudinal vaginal septum who complained of postmenopausal ble..

Intrauterine infection during pregnancy triples the risk of postpartum hemorrhage and severe PPH and increases the likelihood of maternal blood transfusion by two to..

The present study evaluated whether triglyceride and glucose (TyG) indices are useful in identifying insulin sensitivity/resistance in women with polycystic ovary sy..

The present study measured pain using a visual analog scale (VAS) and analyzed its relationships with variables like menopausal status, parity, uterine and cervical ..

A report describes a case of a 30-year-old nulligravid woman who presented with abdominal fullness for about one month without any fever, chills, night sweats, or bo..

Natural childbirth is a remarkable and natural process, but it does come with potential risks, particularly to the perineum, where tears or episiotomies can occur...

Infertile women undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles may not experience optimal endometrial growth with estrogens alone. Hence, the present study evaluated..

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was meant to achieve fertilization in cases of severe male factor infertility. However, it is often used in cases of non-male..

A report describes a case of a 27-year-old primigravid woman in the 22nd week of gestation, parity 0/0/0/0 with no relevant medical history, who presented with acute..

Infertility is a profound source of socioeconomic stress among numerous couples. Despite remarkable technological advancements in the field of assisted reproduction,..

Trisomy 13 (Patau's syndrome), a chromosomal abnormality, has a poor prognosis. Fetal ultrasound helps in the early detection of trisomy 13. The present study descri..

The superiority of fondaparinux over low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in treating recurrent miscarriages is debatable. The present study comprehensively compared ..

A report describes a case of a 20-year-old female who presented with abdominal cramping. She underwent a urine pregnancy test due to irregular menstruation history.&..

Postpartum is a challenging phase of life, marked by transformations both within and outside the body. Kumari A et al. emphasized this phase's frequently neglected a..

The abnormally sited placenta can be a fatal condition for pregnant women, and hence early diagnosis and management is crucial to decrease mortality and morbidity.A ..

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) represents a combination of hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. It may lead to hirsutism and anovulator..

A report describes a case of a 15-year-old female gravida 1 para 0 (G1P0) who presented with shortness of breath. Her first-trimester sonography indicated the fetus ..

Myths about oral health during pregnancy are widespread and significantly affect pregnant women's dental habits and behaviors. Prabhudessai S. et al. explored miscon..

High blood pressure can occur in 5-10% of pregnancies and is a leading factor in perinatal mortality. The perinatal mortality rate is estimated to be three to five t..

The present study assessed and compared the efficacy and safety of mifepristone and misoprostol combination versus misoprostol alone for second-trimester termination..

A report describes a case of a 12-year-old girl who previously received a provisional diagnosis of suspected appendicitis and an exploratory laparoscopic procedure t..

Hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of morning sickness that affects a subset of pregnant women, has long been recognized for its debilitating physical effects. Ho..

Urbanization and industrialization in both developing and developed countries have increased environmental toxins, such as PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and ozone, that can affe..

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a frequently occurring yet not fully comprehended vaginal infection caused by multiple microorganisms. It commonly occurs in women in the..

A report describes the case of a 28-year-old woman, with a unicornuate uterus and multiple mid-trimester losses, with two failed McDonald’s cerclage. She presented w..

Preterm birth is a significant concern in obstetric care; both vaginal progesterone and cervical cerclage have been identified as effective interventions for its pre..

Anemia remains a prevalent and manageable issue among pregnant women worldwide, contributing to maternal and perinatal mortality. A recent study compared the efficac..

Gestational diabetes is characterized by varying degrees of carbohydrate intolerance that develop or are first recognized during pregnancy. Diabetes in Pregnancy Stu..

Cervico-isthmic pregnancy (CIP) poses a significant risk for placenta accreta, particularly with advancing gestational age. A 33-year-old primigravid woman was diagn..

Maternal health in India is undergoing a significant shift as the country moves towards an obstetric transition. This transition entails not only a sustained reducti..

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a well-established evidence-based management protocol for perioperative care that aims to expedite patient recovery. Howeve..

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by hyperandrogenism, enlarged cystic ovaries, an..

A report describes a case of a 21-year-old healthy primigravida woman who previously had no surgical operations and was at 19 weeks and five days of gestation withou..

Labor induction, the artificial stimulation of uterine contractions, plays a significant role in modern obstetric practices. Mifepristone, a synthetic steroid hormon..

Over the course of two decades, the debate surrounding the safest laparoscopic entry technique has remained unresolved, lacking a consensus. To address this knowledg..

Anemia during pregnancy is associated with various maternal and fetal complications, including a higher risk of intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, low b..

A report describes a case of a 34-years young, nulliparous woman who presented with a 34 weeks size mass abdomen which was of 6 months duration. She documented regul..

Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant concern in pregnant and postpartum populations, and various international guidelines aim to provide recommendations for..

The present study compared the rates of surgical-site infections following continuous, with interrupted, subcutaneous tissue closure technique during cesarean delive..

The present study identified the risk factors for placental abruption in subsequent pregnancies among women experiencing their first pregnancy. A population-based ne..

A report describes a case of a 34-year-old primigravida at 37 weeks + 5 days POG who came in latent labor. A term scan demonstrated a fibroid of 11x 9 cm in the post..

Hirsutism, the excessive growth of hair in women, can be a distressing condition that affects their physical appearance and self-esteem. It is commonly associated wi..

Preterm birth poses significant risks to both maternal and neonatal health, with limited preventive strategies available, often requiring substantial resources. In 2..

Gestational diabetes is a growing concern worldwide. Researchers have recently explored the potential benefits of myo-inositol, a naturally occurring sugar found in ..

A report describes a case of a 23-year-old woman with a BMI of 18.2 kg/m2 who was admitted due to the presence of endometrial polyps (EPs) that had been detected ove..

Preconception diabetes has long been recognized as a significant risk factor for adverse birth outcomes. However, there is still a limited understanding of the eff..

Acne vulgaris and hirsutism are prevalent and distressing issues among females with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Effective treatment options are available; howe..

Vulvar discomfort and pathological leucorrhoea are common concerns in women with nonspecific vaginitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and bacterial vaginosis. This resea..

The patient presented with a 1-month history of vaginal discharge, initially suspected to be a yeast infection. However, further evaluation by her local provider rev..

Hirsutism – characterized by excessive terminal hair growth, can be caused by various factors. Predisposing factors for such male-pattern hair growth include – polyc..

European guidelines established several recommendations regarding the administration of corticosteroids for pregnant women:Corticosteroids may be given to pregnant w..

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common opportunistic infection in women, primarily caused by Candida albicans. A recent study aimed to identify the risk fac..

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection that affects the upper genital tract in women, causing conditions like endometritis and salpingitis. Most cases are..

Preterm birth is a significant contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet current therapies offer limited efficacy in delaying birth and improvin..

Vaginitis is a common diagnosis in gynecological practice, with bacterial vaginitis (BV) being the most prevalent. The condition often stems from vaginal dysbiosis. ..

This comprehensive literature review investigated the reciprocal relationship between gestational diabetes (GD) and depression. The study examined GD in relation to ..

A 30-year-old woman presented with a history of infertility. The couple has tried unprotected copulation for several years. They had also undergone by multiple unsuc..

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a debilitating condition that affects many new mothers. Previous research has suggested that some women may be at increased risk of PP..

Astaxanthin (ASX) is a natural carotenoid compound that is found in numerous seafood and microorganisms. It induces several possible advantageous therapeutic effects..

Obesity has long been associated with a higher risk of complications during pregnancy and delivery, including the need for cesarean section. However, the role of ges..

A report describes a case of a 21-year-old woman who presented at 34 weeks of her first pregnancy for a routine prenatal check-up with unremarkable Past medical hist..

The rising prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy is a cause for concern, with numerous adverse outcomes for both mother and baby. In particular, the delivery of a larg..

Hirsutism is a condition that affects up to 20% of women and features excessive body hair in a male pattern distribution. It can cause significant psychological and ..

The present study evaluated the association between the dimension of deviation from appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse maternofetal outcomes in wo..

A report describes a case of a 26-year-old woman G1P0A0 at 37+2 weeks with twin gestation presented with a 4-day history of pruritic erythematous- papules and plaque..

In recent years, several observational studies and animal clinical trials have established a connection between nutrition during different stages of life and the dev..

Acne vulgaris is a common problem for women during pregnancy and lactation due to hormonal and physiological changes that occur during these stages. Many effective a..

The commencement of the present study followed an increase in reports of menstrual disturbances post-vaccination and a lack of adequate inclusion of questions about ..

The present report describes a case of a 36-year-old primipara admitted at 39 weeks of gestation for labor induction to indicate a small-for-gestational-age fetus an..

Intrauterine passage of meconium may emerge due to fetal hypoxia or may merely indicate a normal gastrointestinal tract maturation. Umbilical cord blood pH is the be..

Infertility has now become a major problem in reproductive lives globally, detecting numerous females as infertile annually. The present study evaluated the efficacy..

Metformin is considered the gold standard insulin sensitizer and is popularly used to treat insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet it may cause ..

A report describes a case of a 31 years old female with a history of 2 previous pregnancies, one cesarean delivery, and one abortion, who was spontaneously pregnant ..

The year of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic saw an altered sense of loneliness among new mothers. A recent study aimed to assess a new mother’s perspect..

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) contributes to nearly 35% of maternal fatalities worldwide. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended tranexamic acid coul..

Preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are common complications associated with pregnancy, which affect birth outcomes and are linked to a long-term ca..

A 38-year lady––para 2, last childbirth 7 months back––complained of a mass emanating out of her vagina.She has first observed this eruption about 4 months back, whe..

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a persistent metabolic illness resulting either from insulin deficiency or peripheral tissue resistance. DM makes the most prevalent compli..

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with numerous clinical symptoms and a high rate of infertility. Several lifestyle/dietary interventions have been inve..

The term before and during pregnancy is an important stage for addressing malnutrition. It can help lower the risk of noncommunicable diseases in mothers and the pas..

A report describes a case of a 22-year-old living donor liver transplant(LT) recipient who was enrolled for antenatal care. The patient received successful liver tra..

An article by Hernández-Cordero S and Pérez-Escamilla R. illustrates the current evidence about the major structural challenges in improving breastfeeding practices ..

The present study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a ketamine-based anesthesia package to support emergency cesarean section in the unavailability of an ane..

Healthcare providers treating lactating women for nipple and breast pain often regard these symptoms as Candida albicans infections. However, multiple other conditio..

A report describes a case of a 52-year-old postmenopausal, multiparous woman who presented with a 2-day history of lower abdominal pain refractory to oral analgesia ..

The physiological and immunological changes in pregnancy makes the pregnant women more susceptible to respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19, than non-preg..

The present study assessed the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of uterine balloon tamponade in managing postpartum hemorrhage.It searched electronic databases an..

Breastfeeding renders undeniable advantages; however, painful, sore nipples upset the mothers and may lead to stopping nursing before the commended time. Hence ..

A report describes a case of a 32-year-old White female who presented with a history of hormonal imbalance, including stage IV endometriosis, fibroids, infertility, ..

Atonic Postpartum Hemorrhage arises when the uterine muscles don't contract enough to close the placental blood vessels shut after childbirth, which can lead to life..

There is a lack of consensus regarding whether to prescribe prophylactic antibiotics in conjunction with manual placenta removal. The present study investigated the ..

Multiple studies have shown an association between breastfeeding and a reduced risk of epithelial ovarian Cancer. However, it remains unclear whether this risk reduc..

A report describes a case of a 17-year-old Taiwanese female who presented to the gynecology clinic with complaints of primary amenorrhea and the absence of secondary..

The risk of spontaneous preterm labor is increased 4-folds in pregnant women diagnosed with cervical polyp in in the first trimester of pregnancy and which are not r..

Vitamin D supplementation is widely prescribed for many lifestyles related and metabolic disorders. The present study assessed the status of Vitamin D concerning met..

Pelvic pain (PP) is a common complaint among pregnant women, which may arise due to several diseases, including obstetrics, gynecological, gastrointestinal, genitour..

Introduction Today in the world of investigations we have nearly forgotten the clinical diagnosis and presentation of some diseases and sometimes go for unneces..

Recommending maternal supplementation during lactation is usually unnecessary unless the mother's diet is inadequate. Continuing prenatal vitamins postpartum is gene..

Depression during pregnancy could affect the mother's health and breastfeeding efficacy. The present study determined the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT..

A recent study tested the hypothesis that combined wake + light therapy improves mood in pregnant vs. postpartum depressed participants (DP) by differentially alteri..

A report describes a case of a 35-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, who had undergone bilateral Uterine artery embolization (UAE) with a gelatin sponge for postpartu..

A deeper understanding of risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD) is crucial for its prevention and screening. Hutchens BF and Kearney J. summarized and synthes..

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), an endocrinological disorder, is common among women of childbearing age. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an acute respirator..

Magnesium and melatonin exert multiple beneficial effects like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. The present study determined the effects of magnesium and/o..

A report describes a case of a 32-year-old female, gravida 4 para 3, who presented at 39 weeks and four days for induction of labor. She reported three previous norm..

Pregnancy-associated skin diseases or changes can be described as physiological (hormonal), pre-existing skin disease, and the development of dermatoses with a new p..

Atopic dermatitis (AD), an inflammatory skin disease of multiple phenotypes and endotypes, is highly prevalent in children. people of all ages, including active adol..

Striae distensae, aka stretch marks, are particularly associated with female sex, pregnancy, obesity, and/or hormonal change and are linear bands of benign dermal le..

A recent report describes a case of an 18-year-old nulligravida who initially presented with a complaint of 2 years of infertility and a known uterine septum. She re..

Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) may cause offspring allergic disorders. However, associations observed in previous stu..

Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 2020, state that the average age of pregnant women in the United States is still rising. Observat..

The association of breastfeeding (BF) with postpartum depression (PPD) remains controversial.Currently, there is a lack of specific guidelines on the role of BF in m..

A report describes a case of a 36-year-old G6P5005 with no prenatal care and a spontaneous twin pregnancy of unknown chorionicity who presented with altered mental s..

A healthy microbiome is crucial in preventing illness and maintaining overall health, including reproductive health. Although the therapeutic advantages of probiotic..

The present study describes the pregnancy outcomes of patients who experienced pre-viable and peri-viable pre-labor rupture of membranes (PROM) after treating twin–t..

A rise in the number of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) among pregnant women is recorded annually. Yet, the pathogenesis of AD during pregnancy remains unclear...

A report describes a case of a 19-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, admitted at 37 weeks of gestation with breech presentation. She suffered pregnancy complications..

The postpartum period also carries the time risk for the emergence of maternal postpartum depression. However, little is known about the overall maternal outcomes of..

Gestational weight gain (GWG), a modifiable risk factor, is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Studies have shown that providing multiple micronutrient suppleme..

The present study observed the effects of massage in supporting a mother in her pregnancy after a previous stillbirth. The client’s goal varied throughout her pregna..

A report describes a case of a 29-year-old woman who presented from an outside facility with vaginal bleeding and discharge; but without any abdominal pain or discom..

Pregnancy-associated osteoporosis (PAO) is a rare condition featuring skeletal fragility affecting women during pregnancy or postpartum. Normal pregnancy and lactati..

Evidence illustrates maternal intake, absorption, distribution, tissue-specific concentrations, and pregnancy outcomes with folic acid (fortification/supplementation..

The present study critically appraised and synthesized the best available evidence on the effectiveness of massage in reducing antenatal women's anxiety and/ or depr..

A report describes a case of a 46-year-old gravida 3, para 3-0-0-3 woman who presented with the inability to void completely for the last two days. She was anuric at..

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains the top cause of maternal death globally. Multiple uterotonic medications are available to prevent PPH; however, it is still unkn..

A recent study investigated the effect of sacral massage on the presence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid and the duration of fetal descent during labor in pregnan..

A recent study proved the potentialities of an integrated and sensorized childbirth platform as an innovative simulator for inexperienced gynecologists and obstetric..

A report describes a case of a 35-year-old patient who presented with persistent bleeding for over five weeks. She described a long history of dysmenorrhea and heavy..

Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy improves neonatal calcium metabolism and weight gain. It is given as 400 international units (IU) per day and increased to 100..

A recent study compared the success rates and safety of two doses of methotrexate versus a single dose of methotrexate in ectopic tubal pregnancy.It included 100 wom..

There has been an association between the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-producing lactobacilli in the vagina and decreased rates of preterm birth & HIV acquis..

A report describes a case of a 43-year-old pregnant woman with a history of spontaneous vaginal delivery at term with no complications who presented at 33 weeks of g..

Pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with early breast cancer links with better survival. In the meantime, post-neoa..

A recent study elucidated the effects of neuraxial analgesia on labor in women classified based on the Robson classification system. It retrospectively reviewed the ..

A recent study compared conventional PAP smears (CPS) and liquid-based cytology (LBC) for cervical carcinoma screening at a tertiary care hospital. It included 265 w..

A report describes a case of a 30-year-old Japanese primigravida who conceived spontaneously and started pregnancy checkups in China. She presented with 28 gestation..

Initial trials of the COVID-19 vaccines excluded pregnant persons, which later caused their emergency use authorizations in the United States. Gray et al. demonstrat..

Patients who unintentionally became pregnant while taking a teratogenic drug could choose to have an abortion before late June. However, on October 7, 13 states bann..