The Psychological Pathways of Age Stereotypes: Evidence from Older Adults

Aging is a fundamental stage of life that brings physical changes, new experiences, and ongoing psychological development. How society views aging—through age-related stereotypes—has a strong influence on the health and well-being of older adults. These stereotypes can be negative, such as assumptions of frailty and dependence, or positive, such as valuing wisdom and experience. Negative stereotypes often diminish self-worth, increase social isolation, and harm both physical and mental health, while positive stereotypes can encourage respect, resilience, and hope, supporting healthier aging.

Self-esteem plays an important role in this process. Older adults with higher self-esteem tend to have better health outcomes and stronger coping skills. Positive attitudes toward aging can enhance self-esteem, while negative ones may weaken it. For individuals with low self-esteem, early interventions are essential. Confidence-building activities and approaches that promote positive self-perception can strengthen resilience and improve quality of life.

A sense of coherence—reflecting how people find meaning, manage stress, and adapt to challenges—also shapes how older adults respond to age stereotypes. Interventions such as reminiscence therapy, mindfulness practices, and life review activities can strengthen this sense of coherence, helping individuals feel more in control and connected.

Age stereotypes, levels of self-esteem, and sense of coherence strongly influences the overall well-being of older adults . Depending on these factors, They may experience either satisfaction and resilience or greater vulnerability to mental health problems and cognitive decline. Effective interventions must be tailored to this diversity to promote positive aging.

References:

1. Rasool A, Abdullaeva B, Nazarov A, Kozokboeva D, Abdullaev R, Baydjanova I, Nuralieva N. The effect of age stereotype in elderly adults with the mediation role of self-esteem and sense of coherence. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2025;18:1435-47. doi:10.2147/PRBM.S508557; https://www.dovepress.com/the-effect-of-age-stereotype-in-elderly-adults-with-the-mediation-role-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-PRBM