Shifting Trends in Newborn Care and Infant Feeding Practices in Rural India

The current study investigated newborn care and infant-feeding practices in the rural region, which is predominantly inhabited by Schedule Tribes and Schedule Castes. In view of notable improvements in health indicators have been observed in these areas, the research aimed to understand current and evolving newborn care practices, as well as community perceptions regarding the factors driving these changes.

The results showed the following:

• The analysis highlighted heathy practices among mothers, such as exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, timely first baths, and prompt healthcare-seeking for minor ailments. 
• In contrast, traditional practices like using cow ghee or breast milk in infants' eyes, applying ash to the umbilical cord, and administering herbal remedies for minor illnesses were more common among grandmothers and have declined among mothers. 
• Both generations, however, continue to engage in cultural practices to protect against the 'evil eye.' 
• Regardless of the strong influence of traditional beliefs, there is a noticeable trend toward improved health-seeking behavior, with greater reliance on healthcare providers and safer health practices. 
• The study underscores the essential role of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in connecting rural communities with the healthcare system. 

In conclusion, this research offers critical insights for healthcare providers seeking to promote safe newborn care practices in rural areas. Understanding the current and evolving local practices is crucial for encouraging beneficial behaviors while removing harmful ones, through community health workers like ASHAs and Anganwadi workers.

Source:  BMC Pediatr. 2024 Jul 5;24(1):432. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-04916-7. PMID: 38970086; PMCID: PMC11225211.