One recent retrospective large-scale study examined the association between prescribing antibiotics for infants and subsequent atopic dermatitis (AD) by utilizing the data extracted from a Japanese health insurance claims database. The exposure group received antibiotics at less than 12 months of age and was then evaluated for the diagnosis of AD as the outcome. Analysis was performed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and sibling-matched analysis.
The results obtained were as-
Thus it was inferred as antibiotic use in infancy causes a subsequent increase in the incidence of AD. Thus this association should be kept in mind while prescribing antibiotics, however, its use may not be a critical factor for the development of AD.
Source: Tsuchida T, Yoshida S, Takeuchi M, Kawakami K. Large-scale health insurance study showed that antibiotic use in infancy was associated with an increase in atopic dermatitis. Acta Paediatr. 2022;111(3):607-613. doi: 10.1111/apa.16221. Epub 2021 Dec 27. PMID: 34919283.
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