FAQs - Nephrology

Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will talk about initiating statins in a patient with CKD in this video. He says that if the CKD patients has high cholesterol levels then statins are introduced. If the cholesterol levels are normal then no need of initiating statins.

In this video, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will discuss about the diabetic patient, hypoglycemia and association with CKD. He says that if the kidney is damaged then the natural catabolism of insulin is decreased hence more insulin is available in the body. He will further explain that if patient is being hypoglycemic with existing anti-diabetic medications then they should investigate for chronic kidney disease.

Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will discuss whether the renal cell carcinoma is on rise in this video. He says that renal cell carcinoma, in terms of magnitude is increasing.

Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will talk about the different investigations while evaluating CKD in this video. He says that the decision to use ultrasound, CT scan or MRI is mostly based on what is the suspecting cause or the indication for it. It is not guided by the degree of chronic kidney disease.

In this video, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will discuss about calcium carbonate versus calcium acetate. Both have similar physiological properties but elementary calcium is different. Large number of tablets are taken with calcium carbonate whereas less number of tablets are required for calcium acetate.

Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will explain the calcium phosphorus metabolism in this video. In CKD patient, there is an increase in phosphate, decrease in calcium and decrease in Vitamin D3. Treatment should be to bring the phosphate level to normal and then build up calcium levels.

In this video, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will discuss if any relation between omeprazole and progression of CKD in a normal person. He says that as of now there is no robust data concluding that omeprazole can lead to chronic kidney disease.

The video talks about data regarding omeprazole in CKD patients by Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS. He says that this topic is controversial. If there is any need, then omeprazole should be used cautiously in CKD patients, or else if managed by other drugs such as ranitidine or any other drug then omeprazole should be avoided.

In this video, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will discuss about certain drugs and its effect on CKD patients. Paracetamol is safe in CKD patients. Patients are generally advised to take paracetamol if needed. Otherwise all other NSAIDs can cause potential risk and toxicity in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will talk about chronic kidney disease and NSAIDs in this video. NSAIDs can worsen the chronic kidney disease and increase its progression. He will further explain the consequences of using them. It can also increase the blood pressure.

In this video, Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS, will discuss the reversible causes of renal dysfunction. In addition to the kidney disease, the progression of the CKD also can be further damaged due to certain acute factors. The common acute reversible factors are dehydration, intake of NSAIDs, obstruction in the urinary tract, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia or systemic infections. These factors can damage the kidney and progress the CKD.

The video talks about the differentiating points about glomerular and tubulointerstitial CKD by Dr. Sanjay Kumar Agarwal, Professor and Head of Nephrology, AIIMS. Glomerular diseases leads to glomerular CKD. Tubulointerstitial CKD in the initial stages does not present with oliguria, hypertension and no significant proteinuria. It is slow in progression as compared to glomerular CKD.