FAQs - Interventional Cardiology & Surgery

In this video, Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will discuss about the free heart care interventions. Dr. Aggarwal will talk about Sameer Malik heart care Foundation fund. This organization helps patients who cannot afford heart surgery. It supports such patients and collects money through funds and help in treating economically poor heart patients.

Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will discuss about constrictive pericarditis and its clinical presentation in this video. He will discuss about pleural and pericardial effusion case with T.B and hypothyroidism. Inflammation of pericardium and pericardial fluid is known as pericarditis. There is constriction of the heart. Medical management with aspirin or steroids are given to treat pericarditis. And if symptoms are not better than surgery has to be done.

In this video, Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will talk about the difference between an embolic stroke and a thrombotic stroke. He will discuss a case of rheumatic heart disease, mitral stenosis and brain stroke. Embolic stroke is usually with sudden onset causing paralysis. They have more hemorrhagic manifestations.

Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will talk about the congenital heart disease in this video. It is present since birth. Almost 1% of the babies born have congenital heart disease and 0.25% of them have critical congenital heart disease. These babies require surgical management or intervention in first year of life. Such babies before the discharge should get check by pulse oximeter and if it is low, necessary steps should be taken.

In this video, Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will explain the types of heart disease. He will explain about stable and unstable angina. Also, first medical treatment is given to the patient and if he is stable then continue and should be followed regularly. If the patient is not better and has angina symptoms on exercise then surgical management such as stenting is planned if the patient has blockages.

In this video, Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will discuss the causes, symptoms and treatment of angina. He will further talk about when to intervene in angina. Failure of adequate medical treatment to provide wanted quality of life or better quality of life, such cases requires intervention. Dr. Aggarwal will discuss the case of the triple vessel disease with one artery completely block. Such patients require bypass surgery.

Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will talk about the medical treatment given to a patient with stable and unstable angina in this video. He will discuss a case of symptomatic angina. He further says that failure in adequate medical treatment in providing the required quality of life is indication for further intervention.

Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will talk about the intervention in pulmonary stenosis in this video. Pulmonary stenosis can be mild, moderate or severe. Dr. Aggarwal will explain the gradients respectively. If the pulmonary valve velocity is less than 3 meters, it is mild. If it is more than 4 meters per second then it is severe. And in between 3-4 meters per second then it is moderate. The patient has to be reevaluated every three months. If it is mild, then do not intervene immediately.

The video will discuss about double valve replacement versus single valve replacement or other valve repairs by Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks. In any patient if two valves are damaged, then feasibility is checked to repair one valve and replace the other. In every case of rheumatic heart disease or mitral stenosis, refer the patient to a surgeon to evaluate first because single valve replacement is always better than double valve replacement.

The video will discuss the circumstances in which a patient requires cardiac transplant by Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks. He will discuss the circumstances in which cardiac transplant in suggested as per the literature:

1. Cardiogenic shock
2. Persistent class IV heart failure
3. Severe angina
4. Life threatening arrhythmias 
5. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
6. Refractory congenital heart disease

In this video, Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will discuss about atrial fibrillation in underlying rheumatic heart disease. He says that atrial fibrillation is very common in rheumatic heart disease patients. He will further discuss the other conditions in which it can be present. Atrial fibrillation in present in 70% of mitral stenosis, mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation patients. In isolated mitral stenosis, it is present in 29% of cases and in mitral regurgitation, it is present in 16% of the cases.

Dr. K K Aggarwal, President Heart Care Foundation of India and Group Editor in Chief MEDtalks, will discuss about intervention process in a patient whose artery is 100% blocked. He will discuss a case with stable angina and angiography shows single vessel right coronary artery 100% blocked. In chronic total occlusion, stenting is warranted when the following three conditions are met:

• The occluded vessel is responsible for the symptoms.
• The myocardial territory of the occluded artery is viable.
• The likelihood of success is more than 60% with estimated rate of death and heart attack less than 1% and 5% respectively.